Heating-stove



2 Sheets-Sl1eet 1.

(No ModeL) J. BOYD.

HEATING STOVE.

No. 327,650. Patented Oct. 6, 1885.

M 5. mm, WK.

(No ModeL) 2 Sheets-Sneet 2.

J. BOYD. HEATING STOVE.

No. 327.650. Patented Oct. 6, 1885 th s lhvrrh ST TES JAMES BOYD, OF ST.

PATENT Orrrcn.

PAUL, MINNESOTA.

H EATI NG-STOVE.

SPEGIFICATIUN forming part of Letters Patent No. 327,650,dated October 6, 1885.

Application filcl December 6, 1884. Serial No. 149,686. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, JAMES BOYD, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of St. Paul, in the county of Ramsey and State of Minnesota, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Heating-Stoves, of which the following is a specification.

Figure 1 is a sectional side view, and Fig. 2 is a semi-sectional front view, of astove embodying my improvements. Fig. 3 is a crosssection on the line 00 m of Fig. 1, and Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view on the line y y of Fig. 1. Fig. 6 is a detail representing the manner of removing the ashes, &c., from the stovepipes. Fig. 6 is an enlarged sectional View of the hollow grate, showing a variation in its construction. Fig. 7 represents a detached sectional detail of the fire-pot, showing a variation in its construction.

This invention relates to heating-stoves for burning bituminous coal as a fuel.

A is the base, suitably mounted upon legs and having a cylindrical shell, A", rising from it, the shell being provided with a top, D, from the center of which the flue E, connecting the stove with the chimney, leads, as shown.

A short distance above the base A a firepot, F, is suspended in the shell A by brackets a or other suitable means, leaving a space on all sides of the fire-pot between it and the shell, as shown. Beneath this fire-pot or in its lower part is suspended a hollow grate, G. This grate is east with bars of tubular form, as shown, and all the bars are connected to gethcr and open to the outer air through one or more tubular suspension-bars, b, which not only support the grate, but also serve as conduits by which air is admitted to the interior of the grate. In the lower corners of the hollow bars of the grate small holes 0 are formed, through which jets of air are admitted downward to the space below the grate, as hereinafter shown.

The fire-pot F is also formed with hollow sides, into which air is admitted through tubes (1 and discharged through small holes d at its lower inner edge, as shown.

H is a conical hood or shell, fitting tightly by its lower edge over the upper edge of the fire-pot and with one side attached to the side of the shell A and with a door, K, leading into the conical shell through the outer shell, A This door K is provided with a register, L, and draft-slide M, by which air may be ad mitted to the fire-pot from above.

N is a tight-fitting damper, connecting the upper part of the conical shell H with the interior of the main shell A and adapted to be opened and closed from the outside of the stove by any suitable means.

By this construction of a stove I am enabled to use bituminous coal as a fuel and at the same time consume all the gas and smoke, the only products of combustion being some ashes and a small quantity of sulphurous and other incombustible gases.

The operation is as follows: The coal is first placed upon the grate G and the kindling- Wood or other material for igniting the coal placed upon top of it and fire applied. The draft being entirely downward through the register L and slide M, the smoke and the products of the combustion are carried down ward through the grate and upward between the fire-pot and shell A as indicated by the arrows. At the point where the smoke and flame pass downward through the grate they are met by a fresh supply of oxygen drawn inward through the hollow grate and discharged through the jets c, which at once ignites the combustible gases and consumes them, leaving only the incombustible gases, 850., to escape through the flue E.

By this simple arrangement the poorest quality of bituminous coal may be used as a fuel in heatingstoves without discharging the hitherto unpleasant black smoke and deleterious gases and soot into and from the fines and other draft-conduits.

In this form of stove the fire and its accompanying heat being upon both sides of the fire-pot,the hollow firepot through which aircurrents may freely pass is a necessity to prevent the pot from burning out. Vater instead of air may be run through the fire-pot to prevent its burning out, but in this case the dischargejets (I would be dispensed with and the water taken in at one side and discharged from the other. The hollow fire-pot may be thus utilized for heating water for do mestic or other purposes.

In Fig. 2 a slight variation is shown in the manner of passing the air through the firepot, consisting in admitting it through tubular bars cl P, and discharging it through small jets earound the inner upper edge of the fire-pot upon top of the fuel.

One advantage gained by this construction is that a portion or all of the air which feeds the fuel is heated before it reaches the coal,- thereby producing a more rapid combustion, and it is consequently a more economical method of supplying air to the fuel.

The nature of the fuel used (bituminous coal) andthe manner in which combustion is secured require a small constant supply of air to prevent the smoke and other combustible material from rising and escaping through the register L and slide M, and the air which escapes through the jets e is just sufficient to produce this result.

When the fire-pot is formed to discharge downwardly below the fuel by the jets 01 as shown in Fig. 1, small holes 9 will be left in the slide or in the register to supply the necessary air to hold the smoke and gases down and drive them through the grate.

When starting the fire anew, or sometimes when putting in a fresh supply of fuel, a small amount of smoke and gas will arise and escape by the door K, and to prevent this I have provided the damper N, by which such smoke and gas may be allowed to escape into the shell A and pass off through the exitflue E. This damper must be made to fit very tightly to secure a perfect downward draft and to prevent any contrary action of the air-currents. It is also very necessary that all the joints of the stove should be made tight to secure perfect action and prevent the escape of gases or smoke.

As before stated, the only perceptible pro duct of combustion in this construction of stove is the ashes, which are extremely light and easily carried by the air-currents into the fines and deposited there, and require removal at intervals, and to provide for the easy removal of these ashes I have shown in Fig. 5 a rake or brush, h, set in the horizontal sections of the flue E, connecting the stove with the chimney P, and with a long handle, h leading out through the elbow of the flue. By this means the ashes, as deposited, may be raked and brushed either back into the perpendicular sections of the fines and allowed to fall down through the stove into the ashpit beneath the grate G, or pushed out into the chimney and removed therefrom in the ordinary manner.

In Fig. 6 a slight modification is shown in the manner of constructing the grate G, consisting in forming it in two sections horizontally and uniting them with rivets or bolts. In this construction the joint between the parts will be left sufficiently open to permit the escape of the air, so that the joint will thus perform the same functions as the jets 0.

The operation and results sought are the same in both forms, however.

In Fig. 7 is shown a slight variation in the manner of constructing the grate and firepot, consisting in forming the lower part of the fire-pot with alternate projections and cavities t F, having the perforations d as in Fig. 1, and for the same purpose. The grate G", in this construction, Will be formed of fireclay, or some similar substance, while a perforated pipe or ring, G", through which air may be fed in jets, as shown by the arrows, will be interposed between the grate and fire-pot. The operation, however, is the same as to results, as the construction shown in Figs. 1 and 2.

I claim as new isp 1. In a heating-stove, an outer casing or shell, A closed at the bottom and having an exit-flue leading from its top, a fire-pot, F, suspended in said outer shell, with a space between it and said shell, a hollow grate, G, in the bottom of or below said fire-pot, and adapted to permit a current of air to pass through and be discharged from the lower side of its bars, an inner shell, H, above said fire-pot, and connected on one side to said outer shell, A a fueldoor, K, leading into said inner shell through said outer shell, and means for supplying air to said firepot downwardly through said grate, substantially as set forth.

2. The combination of an outer shell closed at the bottom, an exit-flue leading from the top thereof, a hollow fire-pot suspended within said outer shell, and provided with open ings which communicate with the exterior air and with other openings which communicate with the fuel-space, a hollow grate provided with openings which communicate with the outer air, and with other openings which communicate with the space below the grate, and an inner shell within the outer shell and above the fire-pot which shuts off direct communication between the fire-pot and the upper part of said outer shell, as set forth.

3. In a heating-stove, an outer casing or shell, A closed at the bottom and having an exit-flue, E, leading from its top, a fire-pot, F, suspended in said outer shell, with a space between it and said shell, a hollow grate, G, in the bottom of or below said fire-pot, and adapted to permit a current of air to pass through and be discharged from the lower side of its bars, and inner shell, H, having damper N above said fire-pot and connected on one side to said outer shell, A a fuel-door, K, leading into said inner shell through said outer shell, and means for supplying air to said fire-pot downwardly through said grate, substantially as set forth.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

J AMES BOYD.

Witnesses:

O. N. Woonwnnn, ARTHUR S. BROWN.

Having thus described my invention, what ICC 

